Theme: Ezekiel prophesied in
Babylon during the entire period
of his ministry, which began
seven years before the
destruction of Jerusalem, and
which ended about fifteen years
after that event. Like that of
Isaiah his message was one of
denunciation and consolation.
"The central point of Ezekiel's
predictions is the destruction
of Jerusalem.
Before this event his chief
object was to call to repentance
those living in careless
security; to warn them against
indulging the hope that, by the
help of the Egyptians, the
Babylonian yoke would be shaken
off (17:15-17); and to assure
them that the destruction of
their city and temple was
inevitable and fast approaching.
After this event, his principal
care was to console the exiled
Jews by promises of future
deliverance and restoration to
their land; and to encourage
them with assurance of future
blessings." - (Angus Green).
We shall sum up the theme as
follows:
The departure of GOD's glory
from Israel in prospect of
coming judgment; and the return
of His glory in prospect of
future restoration.
Author: Ezekiel. Like Jeremiah,
Ezekiel was a priest as well as
a prophet. He was carried
captive together with King Jehoiachim by Nebuchadnezzar
about ten years before the
destruction of Jerusalem. He
made his home at Te1Abib in
Babylon. There he ministered to
the exiles who, for the most
part, resisted his words,
clinging to the false hope of a
speedy return.
Tradition tells us that he was
put to death by one of the
exiles whom he had rebuked for
idolatry.
Scope: The historical events
recorded in this book cover a
period of 21 years from about
595 to 574 B. C.
CONTENTS:
I. The Prophet's Call (Chs.
1-3).
II. The Fate of Jerusalem and
the Nation (Chs. 4-24).
III.
Prophecies Against the Nations (Chs.
25-32).
IV. The Restoration of Israel
(Chs.
33-48).
I. The Prophet's Call (Chs. 1 to
3)
We shall notice here:
1. Ezekiel's vision, (chap. 1).
Like that of Isaiah, Ezekiel s
call was preceded by a vision of
the glory of the Lord (Compare
Isaiah Ch. 6). The living
creatures mentioned in this
chapter are the Cherubim, an
order of angelic beings whose
ministry seems to be, in
relation to mankind, the
guardianship and vindication of
GOD's holiness (See Genesis
3:24; Exodus 2.5:18-22; Numbers
7:89; I Samuel 4:14; II Samuel
6:2; I Kings 8:6, 7; II Kings
19:15, Psalm 18:10; 80:1; 99:1;
Revelation 4:6-8).
2. His commission and message
(2:1-3:9).
As in the case of Isaiah,
Ezekiel's message was one of
condemnation to a disobedient
people.
3. His responsibility (3:10-21).
He is appointed as a watchman
over the house of Israel, with a
solemn warning against neglect
of duty.
4. His second vision of the
glory of the Lord (3:22~27).
Ezekiel was not to begin
immediately his ministry of
preaching, but was to refrain
from speaking till so instructed
by the Lord. He was to abide in
his house until he received from
the Lord the revelations
concerning Israel's fate.
II. The Fate of Jerusalem and of
the Nations (Ch 4 to 24)
1. Ezekiel has been commanded by
the Lord to be silent until
instructed to prophesy (3:26,
27); but though silent
concerning oral messages, he is
commanded to speak to the nation
by means of symbolic actions, or
signs (Chs. 4-6), as follows:
(a) By a tile and an iron pan
Ezekiel acts out the siege of
Jerusalem (4:1-3).
(b) To signify the punishment
that Israel was to bear for the
period of 390 years in which
they had sinned (from Jeroboam's
establishment of idolatry till
the 23rd year of
Nebuchadnezzar); and Judah's
punishment for her forty years'
iniquity (beginning at Josiah's
covenanting, II Kings
23:3-27, and ending at the
events recorded in Jeremiah
52:30), Ezekiel lies on his side
a day for each year of that
period of idolatry and sin
(4:4-8).
(c) To signify the famine that
is to prevail during the siege,
he is to eat his bread by weight
and drink his water by measure
(4:9-17).
(d) By the sign of the cutting
of the prophet's hair is
symbolized the destruction of
the people of Jerusalem by
famine, pestilence, and the
sword (5:1-17).
2. A series of messages
predicting desolations upon the
land and judgments upon the
people (Chs. 6, 7).
3. A vision of the destruction
of Jerusalem (Chs. 8-11).
(a) One of the causes of its
coming destruction - the
idolatry of its inhabitants (Ch.
8). The beast worship of Egypt
(v. 10); the immoral rites of
the worship of Tammuz (v. 14);
Persian sun worship (v. 16).
(b) A vision of the slaughter of
the people and the sealing of a
faithful remnant (Ch. 9).
(c) A vision of the scattering
of the altar fire Over
Jerusalem, perhaps symbolic of
the burning of the city (Ch.
10).
(d) The departure of GOD's glory
from Jerusalem - a sign of
coming judgment (Ch. 11).
4. By the signs of Ezekiel's
removing as a fugitive and his
partaking of his food as if in
time of famine, is set forth the
nearness of Judah's captivity
(Ch. 12). Then follows a
denunciation of the prophets who
falsely predict peace and a
speedy return from captivity
(Ch. 13), and of those leaders
who with insincere motives
inquire of the Lord concerning
the same matter (Ch. 14).
5. Israel's worthlessness is set
forth under the figure of a
burning vine (Ch. 15), and her
faithlessness under the figure
of a harlot (Ch. 16).
6. In the parable of the great
eagle is shown the punishment of
Zedekiah's treachery in breaking
his covenant with
Nebuchadnezzar, and in calling
the aid of Egypt in rebelling
against him (Ch. 17).
7. The Lord's vindication of
Himself against the charge that
He was punishing the present
generation for the sins of their
fathers (Ch. 18).
8. A lamentation over the fall
of the house of David (Ch. 19).
9. A review of Israel's history
illustrating their faithlessness
and the Lord's longsuffering and
faithfulness, and teaching that
His fidelity is a guarantee of
their future restoration, even
though that restoration must
come through the purging fires
of tribulation (Ch. 20).
10. By the sign of the sighing
prophet and the sword of GOD, is
again repeated the warning of
Jerusalem's coming destruction
by Nebuchadnezzar (Ch. 21).
Notice the prophecy of the
overthrowing of the throne of
David until Messiah come (vv.
26, 27).
11. An enumeration of
Jerusalem's sins, which will
bring her through the fiery
furnace of affliction for her
purification (Ch. 22).
12. Israel's and Judah's
apostasy and punishment is set
forth under the parable of
Aholah and Aholibah, the two
faithless and adulterous women
(Ch. 23).
13. Jerusalem is compared to a
boiling pot and her inhabitants
to the bones and meat within,
producing a vile scum; this is
typical of the seething
wickedness of the city (Ch.
24:1-4). The destruction of her
temple, the pride of the nation,
is symbolized by the Lord's
taking away of Ezekiel's wife
(24:15-20).
III. Prophecies Against the
Nations (Chs. 25 to 32)
Like Isaiah and Jeremiah,
Ezekiel has a message for the
nations surrounding Israel
(Compare Isaiah 13-23 and
Jeremiah 46-51).
It is a message of judgment
based in most cases on their
treatment of Judah. The
following nations are mentioned:
1. The Ammonites (Ch. 25:1-7).
(a) The cause of judgment: their
rejoicing at Judah's calamity
(v. 3).
(b) Form of judgment:
Invasion and desolation.
2. Moab (25:8-11).
(a) Cause of judgment: their
insinuation that Judah was no
better than the heathen who
worshiped idols - an indirect
thrust at the Lord (v. 8).
(b) Form of judgment: invasion.
3. Edom (25:12-14).
(a) Cause of Judgment: their
attitude toward Judah in the day
of their calamity (v. 12).
(b)
Form of Judgment: retribution at
the hands of Israel.
4. Philistia (25:15-17).
(a) Cause of judgment: their
taking advantage of Judah's
calamity to vent their old
hatred upon them (v. 15).
(b) Form of judgment:
destruction.
5. Tyre (Chs. 26-28).
(a) Cause of Judgment: rejoicing
over Jerusalem's fall, an
expectation of profiting by
their loss (26:2); the
b1asphemous exultation of her
prince (28:2, 6). Note: in
28:12-19, Ezekiel looks past the
prince of Tyre, to the one who
is empowering him - Satan, the
GOD and prince of this world.
(b) Form of judgment: invasion
and destruction by
Nebuchadnezzar and perpetual
desolation.
6. Zidon (28:20-24).
(a) Cause of judgment: they were
a pricking brier to the house of
Israel; i.e., they were the
means
of ensnaring the Israelites into
sin and the instruments for
punishing them (Compare Numbers
33:55).
(b) Form of judgment: slaughter
and pestilence.
7. Egypt (Chs. 29-32).
(a) Cause of judgment: the
arrogance and pride of her king
(Ch. 31); their promising help
to Israel and then failing them
in the emergency (29:6, 7).
(b) Form of judgment: slaughter,
captivity, abasement among the
nations, foreign oppression,
destruction of idols, and
permanent loss of native ruler.
IV. The Restoration of Israel
(Chs. 33 to 48)
Up to this point Ezekiel's
message had been that of
impending doom for the city and
captivity for the people. But
now that his predictions have
been fulfilled the element of
consolation predominates in his
prophesying.
1. Ezekiel's commission is
renewed, and after the arrival
of the news of the capture of
Jerusalem, he is allowed to
speak plainly to the people
instead of preaching by means of
signs and symbols.
2. A rebuke of the false
shepherds of Israel who drive
and oppress the flock, and the
promise of the coming of the
true Shepherd who will gather
and feed the lost sheep of the
house of Israel (Ch. 34).
3. The punishment of Israel's
enemies, of whom Edom is
representative, the gathering of
Israel, their complete
restoration to a restored land
of Palestine and their
conversion (Chs. 35, 36).
4. By the vision of the valley
of dry bones is symbolized
Israel's national death and
resurrection; however, the two
kingdoms of Judah and Israel are
yet to be united under King
David (either David resurrected
or the Messiah Himself, the
descendant of David) and as a
whole bound to the Lord by an
everlasting covenant (Ch. 37).
5. Chapters 38 and 39 record the
attack of the Gentile nations on
Israel after they have been
restored to Palestine. Read in
connection with these chapters
Zechariah 12:1-4; 14:1-9;
Matthew 24:14-30; Revelation
14:14-20; 19:17-21. Many
scholars believe that Russia is
referred to in 38:2; Meshech
(Moscow), Tubal (Tobolsk). The
truth of this opinion is
strongly confirmed when we learn
that the words "the chief
prince" mean "prince of Rosh";
and Rosh, we learn from a great
Hebrew scholar, probably refers
to Russia.
6. The glory of the Lord which
departed from Israel before
their captivity, now returns to
abide in the Millennial temple,
of which we find a detailed
description in chapters 40-48.